Pournajaf R, et al. Ceramics International, 2014, 40(6), 8687-8692.
Polyoxyethylene(23) lauryl ether was employed as a nonionic surfactant for the synthesis of cerium dioxide nanoparticles using a reverse-phase microemulsion method.
1. Preparation of Microemulsion Solutions:
First Microemulsion Solution: Aqueous metal salt solution was added dropwise to a mixture of cyclohexane, polyoxyethylene(23) lauryl ether, and n-butyl alcohol under magnetic stirring. The mixture was stirred continuously for 30 minutes until a homogeneous and transparent solution was formed.
Second Microemulsion Solution: Prepared similarly to the first, but the aqueous metal salt solution was replaced with NH4OH solution.
2. Formation of Cerium Dioxide Nanoparticles:
The two transparent microemulsion solutions were mixed and stirred for 1 hour, resulting in the formation of a precipitate (pH = 9). The precipitate was collected and washed with ethanol. The precursor powders were dried at 80 °C for 3 hours and then calcined at various temperatures.
3. Comparison Sample:
For comparison, a sample was prepared by direct precipitation:
NH4OH was added to the aqueous metal salt solution (pH = 9) to form a precipitate directly. The size and morphology of the nanoparticles produced by the microemulsion method were compared with those obtained through direct precipitation.