Naing S-H, et al. Biophysical Journal, 2018, 114(3), 602-608.
Intramembrane aspartyl proteases (IAPs) are integral membrane proteases that hydrolyze substrates within the hydrophobic lipid bilayer. This case study investigates the use of n-dodecyl-β-D-maltopyranoside (DDM) in the characterization of IAPs, focusing on their oligomerization state in solution using small-angle neutron scattering (SANS).
Methods:
To investigate the oligomerization state of IAPs, SANS was employed to characterize detergent solutions of DDM with and without a microbial IAP ortholog. SANS allows modulation of the solvent composition to isolate the signal from the enzyme of interest. By using deuterated DDM and D2O, scattering from the detergent and buffers was matched, enhancing the signal from the IAP.
Results:
The radius of gyration calculated for the IAP, along with the corresponding ab initio consensus model, indicates that the protein exists as a monomer in solution. This model appears slightly smaller than the crystallographic IAP monomer, suggesting a more compact structure in solution compared to the crystal lattice.
Conclusion:
The study provides direct insight into the oligomeric state of purified IAPs in surfactant solution, demonstrating that the IAP exists as a monomer. The use of fully contrast-matched DDM in SANS proved effective in characterizing the IAP, showcasing the potential of this technique for studying other intramembrane proteases and their membrane-bound substrates.
DDM effectively facilitated the characterization of IAPs using SANS, revealing a monomeric state in solution. This approach highlights the utility of SANS with contrast-matched detergents for investigating the structure-function relationships of membrane-bound proteins.