What are the commonly used aluminum-based adjuvants?
Aluminum hydroxide, aluminum phosphate, and alum.
What is the most commonly used chemical as adjuvant?
Aluminum hydroxide.
What are some explanations for the mode of action of aluminum hydroxide-based adjuvants?
The repository effect, pro-phagocytic effect, and activation of the pro-inflammatory NLRP3 pathway.
What factors influence the responses evoked by aluminum hydroxide-based adjuvant applications?
Adsorption rate, strength of adsorption, size and uniformity of aluminum hydroxide particles, dosage of adjuvant, and the nature of antigens.
What are some potential adverse reactions caused by vaccines containing aluminum hydroxide-based adjuvants?
The reference does not specify.
Can vaccines containing aluminum hydroxide-based adjuvants be stored frozen?
No, they cannot be stored frozen.
What type of immune responses were aluminum hydroxide-based adjuvants previously known to prime?
Th2-type immune responses.
Can aluminum hydroxide-based adjuvants enhance both Th1 and Th2 cellular responses?
Yes, depending on the vaccination route.
How do aluminum hydroxide-based adjuvants exert their repository effect?
Antigens aggregate on the surface and inside aluminum hydroxide-based adjuvant particles, maintaining their physical and chemical characteristics.
What is the cellular target for the pro-inflammatory activity of aluminum hydroxide-based adjuvants?
Nucleotide binding oligomerization domain (NOD) like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3).
